The contradiction between current legislation and guidance on what constitutes a higher-risk building was highlighted by the First-tier Tribunal (FTT) decision in Smoke House & Curing House, 18 Remus Road, London E3 2NF (LON/00BG/HYI/2023/0024). In Smoke House, the FTT applied the HRB Regulations 2023, finding that a roof garden was a storey, despite it being an open rooftop which was not fully enclosed. The FTT noted that the guidance appeared to go beyond the wording of the legislation and was not a reliable interpretation of the law.
In response, the government has added a note to the guidance stating that it and the Building Safety Regulator are considering the view of the FTT in Smoke House but "until stated otherwise, the sector and regulatory bodies should continue to refer to existing government guidance". This uncertainty leaves practitioners in a difficult position when advising on buildings where the inclusion of a roof garden may be the deciding factor in whether the building is an HRB.
The definitions of HRB's in the BSA 2022 are supplemented by the Higher-Risk Buildings (Descriptions and Supplementary Provisions) Regulations 2023 (SI 2023/275) (HRB Regulations 2023), which provide that a storey does not count towards the seven storeys if the storey is a rooftop plant or machinery area or consists exclusively of roof-top machinery or plant room (regulation 6, HRB Regulations 2023).
The government's guidance on what constitutes a higher-risk building is set out in three separate documents, housed on a collection page (see Guidance on the criteria for being a higher-risk building). The guidance states (emphasis added):
"A storey must be fully enclosed to be considered a storey. The roof of a building should not be counted as a storey. Open rooftops such as rooftop gardens are not considered storeys and should not be counted as such when determining the number of storeys or measuring the height."